Zoology Archives | The Biology Notes

Earthworm- Reproductive System, Copulation, Cocoon formation

November 13, 2020 by Laxmi Neupane

Reproductive system of earthworm Earthworms do not reproduce asexually. Reproductive organs are somewhat complicated. The pheretima is monoecious or hermaphrodites having both male and female reproductive organs in the same individual. They cannot fertilize their own eggs because they are protandrous. Cross-fertilization occurs as a rule because of the relative position of …

Amoeba proteus- Nutrition, Respiration, Excretion, Osmoregulation

November 12, 2020 by Laxmi Neupane

Amoeba proteus- Nutrition, Respiration, Excretion and Osmoregulation

Nutrition of Amoeba proteus Food and selection of food Amoeba is carnivorous. It feeds by phagocytosis. The mode of nutrition is Zootrophic or holozoic. i.e. it requires ready-made (solid form) organic substances for food. The food consists of algal cells and filaments, bacteria, desmids, flagellates, ciliates, small metazoans such as rotifers and …

Amoeba proteus- Habitat, Culture and Structures

November 12, 2020 by Laxmi Neupane

Classification of Amoeba proteus Phylum: Protozoa Subphylum: sacromastigophora Superclass: Sarcodina Class: Rhizopodea Subclass: Lobosia Order: Amoebida Genus: Amoeba Species: proteus Habit and Habitat of Amoeba proteus Amoeba proteus is widely distributed and commonly found on the bottom mud or on the underside of aquatic vegetation in freshwater, ponds, ditches, lakes, springs, slow-running …

Reproduction in Paramecium

November 11, 2020 by Laxmi Neupane

Paramecium reproduces asexually by transverse binary fission and also undergoes several types of nuclear reorganization, such as conjugation, endomixis, autogamy, cytogamy, and hemixis, etc. 1. Transverse binary fission (Asexual reproduction) This is the commonest type of Asexual reproduction in Paramecium. It occurs during the favorable condition when food is available in large …

Feeding mechanism in Paramecium

November 11, 2020 by Laxmi Neupane

1. Food Paramecium feeds in a holozoic manner, like an amoeba. The food comprises chiefly bacteria and minute protozoa which floats in the water in which it lives. It also feeds unicellular plants (algae, diatoms, yeasts, etc.) and small bits of animals and vegetables. Paramecium swims to a place where it can …

Paramecium caudatum- Habitat, Culture, Structure, Locomotion

November 10, 2020 by Laxmi Neupane

Paramecium caudatum- Habitat, Culture, Structures, Locomotion

Habit and Habitat Paramecium caudatum (Gr., paramekes=oblong+ L., caudata=tail) is a free-living organism which is one of the most common species of Paramecium having worldwide distribution. It is commonly found in freshwater, ponds, pools, ditches, streams, lakes, reservoirs, and rivers. It is usually found abundant in water containing decaying organic matters, in …

Excretory or Nephridial System of Earthworm

October 22, 2020 by Laxmi Neupane

The excretory organs are segmentally arranged, microscopic, coiled tubules called nephridia. Nephridia are ectodermal in origin. These are typically unbranched, and their inner ends open into coelom by a ciliated funnel, called nephrostome. A large number of small-sized nephridia are found in each segment which are called micronephridia and mesonephridia. Nephridia occur …

Circulatory system of earthworm

October 14, 2020 by Laxmi Neupane

Circulatory system of earthworm The circulatory or blood vascular system of an earthworm is a closed type. It consists of the blood vessel, heart, capillaries, and blood glands. Blood is composed of fluid plasma and colorless corpuscles. Blood is red in color due to the presence of respiratory pigment hemoglobin (erythrocruorin) in …

Earthworm- Habit, Habitat, Morphology, Bodywall, Locomotion

October 2, 2020 by Laxmi Neupane

Habit and Habitat of Earthworm The Earthworms are burrowers. It prefers to live in the burrow during the day and comes out at night and in damp cloudy weather for the search of food, reproduction, and exploring fresh habit. Thus, nocturnal in habit. The rainy season is the most favorable time for …

Nervous System of Earthworm

September 18, 2020 by Laxmi Neupane

Well developed and concentrated nervous system. Consists of 3 parts: the central, peripheral, and sympathetic nervous system. Figure: Nervous System of Earthworm. Image Source: Meridian Technical Charter High School. 1. Central nervous system It comprises of the anterior nerve ring or brain ring and the posterior ventral nerve cord. Nerve ring Comprises …

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