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Pharmacology

Pharmacology is a discipline that deals with the effects of pharmaceuticals or drugs on living systems, their manufacture, and their chemical properties.

  • Pharmacology is mostly related to studies involving the interactions between the chemicals and living organisms that affect the biochemical functioning of living beings.
  • The chemicals with medicinal properties are then termed pharmaceuticals.
  • The concept of medicines has been around for a long time with ancient people using specific plants and species as a form of medicine.
  • Modern-day pharmacology is involved in the efficient method of drug manufacturing by the use of natural sources and modern technology.
  • Pharmacology might be confused with pharmacy, but it should be understood that pharmacology deals with the research, discovery, and manufacturing of chemicals with biological effects that affect the cellular and systemic function of the organism.
  • The field also deals with drug composition and properties, synthesis and drug design, molecular and cellular mechanisms, signal transductions, molecular diagnostic, and biochemistry.
  • Biochemistry, in particular, is particularly important in pharmacology as the knowledge of the biochemical composition of a living organism is essential in order to assign an appropriate drug for treatment.
  • Pharmacology focuses on the determination of the mechanism of actions of different groups of drugs which provides a better understanding of the molecular functioning of the body.
  • The drugs or pharmaceuticals produced from various industrial might be either acquired from natural sources or produced by chemical means.
  • The most important group of organisms that produce antimicrobials include the actinomycetes, followed by fungi.
  • This represents a close relationship between pharmacology studies and mycology and bacteriological studies.
  • Besides, different technical advances made throughout the years have made it possible for the production of new and improved drugs via biotechnological means.
  • Pharmacology is further related to other disciplines like clinical medicine for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
  • Other therapeutic agents might also help in decreasing the harmful effects of some diseases like diabetes, HIV, and cancer.

Microbial Production of Penicillin- Definition, Biosynthesis, Process, Uses

January 26, 2023August 17, 2022 by Reeju Sharma
Microbial Production of Penicillin

What is Penicillin? Alexander Fleming in September 1928 accidentally discovered Penicillin. He found that the fungus, Penicillium notatum prevented the growth of bacteria, Staphylococcus spp.. Later Clutterbuck and his colleagues … Read more

The Five Study Tips for Pharmacology to Ace Your Grades in Nursing School

September 5, 2022August 2, 2022 by Laxmi Neupane
The Five Study Tips for Pharmacology to Ace Your Grades in Nursing School

Medical Disclaimer: The information presented on this page is only for academic and study purposes and must not be used for the purpose of treatment. If you are not feeling … Read more

Folic acid synthesis inhibitors- Definition, Examples, Inhibition, Resistance

January 13, 2023July 22, 2022 by Reeju Sharma
Folic acid synthesis inhibitors

Folic acids are the enzymes that are necessary for bacterial protein synthesis and the synthesis of amino acids. Trimethoprim and Sulfonamides are the antimicrobial classes that interfere with the synthesis … Read more

Mycolic acid biosynthesis inhibitors- Definition, Examples, Inhibition, Resistance

September 5, 2022July 20, 2022 by Reeju Sharma
Mycolic acid biosynthesis inhibitors

Mycolic acid is the cell wall that contains α-alkylated β-hydroxylated fatty acids present in Mycobacteria, Nocardia, and Corynebacteria. Mycolic acids are the main component of the cell wall of Mycobacterium … Read more

RNA Synthesis Inhibitors- Definition, Examples, Inhibition, Resistance

September 5, 2022July 18, 2022 by Reeju Sharma
RNA Synthesis Inhibitors- Rifamycin

RNA stands for Ribonucleic acid is a polymer of ribonucleotides. Transcription is the process in which DNA is transcribed into RNA with the help of the enzyme RNA polymerase. Transcription … Read more

DNA Synthesis Inhibitors- Definition, Examples, Inhibition, Resistance

September 5, 2022June 30, 2022 by Reeju Sharma
DNA Synthesis Inhibitors

What are DNA Synthesis Inhibitors? DNA synthesis occurs at chromosomes which requires substrates, primers, templates, and enzymes. Different drugs were used in treating diseases by inhibiting DNA synthesis in different … Read more

Cell Membrane Inhibitors- Definition, Examples, Inhibition, Resistance

September 5, 2022June 30, 2022 by Reeju Sharma
Cell Membrane Inhibitors

What are Cell Membrane Inhibitors? In this era, bacterial membrane became the new target for the antimicrobial agent because anionic lipids are present in bacterial surfaces and the antimicrobials are … Read more

Protein Synthesis Inhibitors- Definition, Examples, Inhibition, Resistance

September 5, 2022June 11, 2022 by Reeju Sharma
Protein synthesis inhibitors

What are Protein synthesis inhibitors? Protein synthesis, a long process that includes different enzymes and structural change in organisms. Some antibacterial classes inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by interfering with the … Read more

Cell wall synthesis inhibitors- Definition, Examples, Inhibition, Resistance

January 11, 2023May 24, 2022 by Reeju Sharma
Cell wall synthesis inhibitors

Generally, the bacterial cell consists of a cell wall, cell membrane, and nucleus.  The cell wall is the outer covering of the bacteria-containing peptidoglycan layer which is made up of … Read more

In Silico drug designing and role of bioinformatics

September 5, 2022February 6, 2022 by Sagar Aryal
drug designing

“In Silico” is an expression used to mean “performed on computer or via computer simulation.”  In Silico drug designing is thus the identification of the drug target molecule by employing bioinformatics tools. The inventive … Read more

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