Online Biology Notes for undergraduate and graduate students
Cell Biology Notes
Nucleus The nucleus is a specialize membrane-bound structure or organelle. It is the controlling center of eukaryotic cells. It is a characteristic feature of eukaryotic cells and is absent in prokaryotes like bacteria and viruses. It contains most of the genetic material of an organism. Most of the eukaryotic cells contain one nucleus but some … Read more Detailed description of eukaryotic nucleus
Capsule, Flagella, Pili (Fimbriae), Glycocalyx (Slime Layer) Capsule The capsule is a gelatinous layer covering the entire bacterium. It is composed of polysaccharide, except in the anthrax bacillus, which has a capsule of polymerized d-glutamic acid. The sugar components of the polysaccharide vary from one species of bacteria to another and frequently determine the serologic … Read more Capsule, Flagella, Pili (Fimbriae), Glycocalyx (Slime Layer)
Cell inclusion Bodies Bacterial cell inclusion bodies are otherwise known as granules. Electron microscopic observation reported the presence of both organic and inorganic granules inside the bacterial cell. These granules function as energy storage and these are also involved in reducing osmotic pressure. Some of these granules are found freely moving in the cytoplasm (polyphosphate, … Read more Cell Inclusion Bodies