Skip to content
The Biology Notes

The Biology Notes

  • Home
  • All Study Notes
  • Difference Between
  • Book Reviews
  • Journals
  • Syllabus
  • Universities

Biology

Biology is a vast discipline that deals with the study of living beings and their vital processes, that deal with the physicochemical aspects of life.

Biology is a natural science that utilizes different structural and functional concepts for the differentiation of living beings from non-living beings.
At present times, as a result of cross-disciplinary research, other disciplines like chemistry, physics, computer science, and medicine have been integrated with biology, resulting in areas like biochemistry, biophysics, biomedicine, and bioinformatics.
Biology is further divided into separate branches for the convenience of study, even though all of these branches are interrelated to one another.
Biology is separated into botany (the study of plants) and zoology (the study of animals), morphology (structure), and physiology (function).
Living beings have been divided into different kingdoms, phylum, classes, orders, and genus to make the identification and studies related to different organisms more feasible.
Traditionally, biology was only associated with the structure and function of living beings.
With time, however, biology deals with the fundamental levels of life, resulting in a separate discipline termed, molecular biology.
Biology has now been developed into modern biology which is based on certain foundations like cell theory, evolution, genetics, homeostasis, and chemical energy.
Biology defines cell as the fundamental unit of life, which is common in all living beings, microscopic, and macroscopic.
Besides, other concepts like evolution and genomics further help in understanding the origin, evolution, and relationship among living beings.
Genetics is another component of biology that helps in the differentiation of living beings based on their genomic composition.
Homeostasis is another crucial unit of biology which suggests that all living organisms maintain a constant internal environment.
Non-living parts of the world like the air, water, and soil have been closely related to the living world, which creates a close relationship between biology and the environment.

Cancer biology is a branch of biology that studies the complex expression of genes, proteins, and biological processes that initiated the development and growth of cancers.

  • Understanding the many different biological systems underlying cancer’s development is essential for understanding cancer and identifying new targets for treatment.
  • Most of the researches in cancer biology are concerned with genomic conservation; in particular, how the genetic composition of cell ensure that no errors occur during processes like copying the genome or repairing it after damage.
  • The genetic conservation also ensures that a complete copy of the genome is inherited by each daughter cell.
  • Cancer results when one or all of these processes go wrong, which leads to inconsistency in cancer cells that can successfully be exploited for treatment.
  • Another critical aspect of cancer biology is studies related to protein function and interactions on a systems-wide scale to identify how signaling pathways are restructured in cancer cells, and how this affects cell behavior, cell shape, and cell metabolism.
  • Cancer cells are transformed cells after acquiring a series of changes that permit them to form tumors, which behave differently depending on the genetic changes that result in this transformation.
  • The hallmarks of cancer cells include signs like self-sufficiency in growth signals, evasion of programmed cell death, insensitivity to growth-inhibitory signals, limitless replicative potential, sustained angiogenesis, and tissue invasion.
  • Cancer biology is a vast branch that studies the process of carcinogenesis, mutations, carcinogens, and cellular changes.
  • The role of cancer biology in the perioperative period is of increasing interest as it provides evidence regarding fundamental principles of cancer biology, especially tumor microenvironment, and discusses new therapeutic opportunities.
  • Different researches in cancer biology help in the identification of cancer symptoms and the formation of malignant tumors of different cells found in living beings.
  • These researches also enable the differentiation between normal cells and cancer cells which assists in the early diagnosis of cancer.

3D Bioprinting- Definition, Principle, Process, Types, Applications

May 10, 2022April 29, 2022 by Anupama Sapkota
3D Bioprinting- Definition, Principle, Process, Types, Applications

What is 3D Bioprinting? 3D Bioprinting is the method of printing biomedical structures with the use of viable cells, biological molecules, and biomaterials. In simple words, 3D bioprinting is the … Read more

MPV Blood Test- Definition, Calculation, Results, High and Low MPV value

May 30, 2022April 25, 2022 by Anupama Sapkota
MPV Blood Test

What is MPV Blood Test? MPV (Mean Platelet Volume) test is a test performed to determine the average size of platelets present in a blood sample. Platelets are important blood … Read more

Phylum Mollusca- characteristics, classification, examples

May 10, 2022April 19, 2022 by Laxmi Neupane
Phylum Mollusca

Mollusca (Mollusks) Definition Molluscs (also know as mollusks) are soft-bodied, bilaterally symmetrical, segmented, coelomate animals; usually shelled having a mantle, ventral foot, anterior head, and a dorsal visceral mass. Phylum … Read more

Protozoa- Definition, Characteristics, Classification, Examples

May 4, 2022April 18, 2022 by Laxmi Neupane
General Characters of Phylum Protozoa

Protozoa Definition Protozoa may be defined as  “microscopic acellular animalcules existing singly or in colonies, without tissue and organs, having one or more nuclei”. Some of the characteristics are: There … Read more

Phylum Nematoda- characteristics, classification, examples

May 10, 2022April 16, 2022 by Laxmi Neupane
Phylum Nematoda

Nematoda Definition Nematodes (Gr., nema thread+ eidos, form) are commonly referred to as non-segmented roundworm, threadworm or pinworm, as distinct from flatworm and higher segmented annelids. Image Source: Wikipedia Phylum … Read more

Phylum Ctenophora- characteristics, classification, examples

May 10, 2022April 12, 2022 by Laxmi Neupane
Phylum Ctenophora

Ctenophora Definition Ctenophores are free-swimming, transparent, jelly-like, soft-bodied, marine animals having biradial symmetry, comb-like ciliary plates for locomotion, the lasso cells but nematocytes are wanting. They are also known as … Read more

Heterotrophs- Definition and Types with 4 Examples

May 19, 2022April 11, 2022 by Anupama Sapkota
Heterotrophs

Heterotrophs Definition Heterotrophs are organisms that do not produce their food and depend on other organisms for their food and energy. Heterotrophs are a group of organisms that are distinct … Read more

Autotrophs- Definition, Types and 4 Examples

May 10, 2022April 8, 2022 by Anupama Sapkota

Autotrophs Definition Autotrophs are organisms that are capable of producing their own food by using various inorganic components like water, sunlight, air, and other chemical substances. Autotrophs are the source … Read more

Phylum Hemichordata- Characteristics, classification, examples

May 6, 2022April 7, 2022 by Laxmi Neupane
Phylum Hemicordata

Hemichordata Definition Hemichordata (Gr., hemi, half; chorde, cord) means they are ‘half’ of ‘part’ chordates, a fact that is disputed. They are usually vermiform, solitary, or colonial enterocoelous coelomate animals … Read more

Chlorophyll- Definition, Structure, Types, Biosynthesis, Uses

May 4, 2022April 6, 2022 by Anupama Sapkota
Chlorophyll- Definition, Structure, Types, Biosynthesis, Uses

Chlorophyll is an essential class of pigment molecules that act as a principal photoreceptor in the case of most green plants. Chlorophyll is a photosynthetic pigment that is involved in … Read more

Post navigation
Older posts
Newer posts
← Previous Page1 Page2 Page3 … Page12 Next →

Topics

  • Biochemistry (38)
  • Bioinformatics (27)
  • Biology (114)
  • Biotechnology (19)
  • Book Reviews (1)
  • Botany (12)
  • Cell Biology (37)
  • Developmental Biology (24)
  • Difference Between (50)
  • Diseases (15)
  • Epidemiology (26)
  • Genetics (47)
  • Human Anatomy and Physiology (39)
  • Journals (1)
  • Microbiology (96)
  • Molecular Biology (33)
  • Pharmacology (16)
  • Protocols (9)
  • Research Methodology (18)
  • Syllabus (16)
  • Universities (4)
  • Zoology (25)

Latest Notes

  • DNA Experiments (Griffith & Avery, McCarty, MacLeod & Hershey, Chase)
  • Lock and Key Model- Mode of Action of Enzymes
  • Membrane Proteins- Definition, Structure, Types, Functions
  • Angiosperms- Characteristics, Morphology, Classification, Uses
  • Gymnosperms- Characteristics, Morphology, Classification, Uses
  • Author Guidelines
  • About Us
  • Contact Us
  • Disclaimer (Terms and Conditions)
  • Privacy Policy
  • Cookie Policy
© 2022 The Biology Notes. Made with ♡ by Sagar Aryal.