Online Biology Notes for students
Nargis Khanam 
Viruses with a high mutation rate “that is a reason there are no permanent vaccination against it”. According to Jean and Peter Medawar 1977 virus “simply a piece of bad news wrapped up in protein” (from Bad News Wrapped in Protein: Inside Coronavirus Genome by Jonathan Corum and Carl Zimmer). In December 2019 there is … Read more MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2 and Spanish flu
Image Source: A-T Society. About 10,000 or more single-gene disorders have been identified, which affect approximately 1-2% of the total population. Some of these disorders are as follow: Huntington disease The name of the disease is on the name of Dr. George Huntington, who describes this disease in 1872 in North American kindred. It is … Read more Examples of Single Gene Disorders
Image Source: Microbiology Society. Some of the bacterial diseases with their name of pathogen, transmission, symptom, treatment, and prevention are as follows: 1- Tuberculosis Pathogen – Microbacterium tuberculosis. Mode of transmission – Transmitted by air. Symptom – Bacteria damage the tissues mainly of the lung, the occurrence of fever, and a bloody cough. Prevention and … Read more Bacterial diseases- pathogen, symptom, prevention, treatment
Image Source: Botany Studies. Chromosomal aberration definition Chromosomal aberration is a condition in which deletion or duplication of a particular chromosome in a set, lead to monosomy, nullisomy, trisomy, tetrasomy. Some disorders in human being due to chromosomal aberrations are as follows: Klinefelter syndrome (XXY) It is due to a trisomic condition in sex chromosomes, … Read more List of disorders due to chromosomal aberration
Image created using biorender.com Type of coronavirus strains There are seven strains of coronavirus Human Coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) Human Coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63, New Haven Corona Virus) Human Coronavirus OC43(HCoV-OC43) Human Coronavirus HKU1 Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Related Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) previously known as novel coronavirus 2012 & HCoV-EMC Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, previously known as … Read more SARS-CoV-2- Infection, ACE-2 gene, herd immunity, vaccines
Some common viral diseases, symptoms, prevention, treatment Image Source: iStockphoto 1- Smallpox Pathogen – Variola poxvirus. Mode of transmission – By air. Symptom – Small pinkish itchy spots appear on the body with fever. Prevention – Vaccination and proper sanitation. 2- Chickenpox Pathogen – Varicella zoster. Mode of transmission – Disease is transmitted by droplets … Read more Some common viral disease, symptom, prevention, treatment
The early history of Plasmodium and Malaria In the past time, it was believed that malaria spread by bad air hence the name means bad air. In 1880 Malaria parasites firstly discovered by a french doctor, Charles Laveran. In 1897 Ronald Ross worked on avian malarial parasites (P. praecox), Ronald Ross was awarded Noble prize … Read more Plasmodium and Malaria