Agricultural Microbiology Notes
- Biofertilizer- Types and Uses
- Biological and Chemical control of plant diseases
- Biopesticides – Bacterial, Viral and Fungal
- Crown Gall Disease
- Factors for the establishment of plant diseases
- Nitrogen related common terms with definitions
- Organic Compost and Vermicomposting
- Plant Breeding- Steps and Significance
- Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR)
- Plant Transformation Methods
- Plants defense mechanism- structural, histological, chemical
- Rice bacterial blight and Citrus canker
- Rust- Plant Fungal Disease
Bacteriology Notes
- Bacterial diseases- pathogen, symptom, prevention, treatment
- Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria
- Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7
- Ideonella sakaiensis- Plastic eating bacteria
- Isolation and Identification of Vibrio cholerae from faecal sample
- Pathogenicity and Clinical manifestation of Salmonella Typhi
- Plague and its forms caused by Yersinia pestis
- Quorum Sensing in Bacteria
- Solute Transport Mechanisms in Bacteria
- Staphylococcus aureus
- Superbugs as Global Crisis
- The Bacterial Cell Wall
- Treponema pallidum – An Overview
- Vancomycin-resistant bacteria: VRSA and VRE
Biology Notes
- Bioplastic – Definition, Type, Advantages, Disadvantages
- Cell signaling and cAMP-mediated pathway
- Extracellular and Intracellular Fluids
- Group Selection and Altruism
- Phytohormones (Plant hormones)
Basic Microbiology Notes
- Bacteriophage- Structure, Classification, Application
- Biosafety Level 1, 2, 3 and 4 with comparison
- Capsule, Flagella, Pili (Fimbriae), Glycocalyx (Slime Layer)
- Cell signaling and cAMP-mediated pathway
- Culture media used in microbiology
- Differences between Real-Time PCR and Rapid Diagnostic Test
- Differences between terminologies used in Microbiology
- Direct and Viable Microbial Count Methods
- Effect of pathogens on plants
- Endotoxin and Exotoxin with its types
- Environmental Factors affecting Microbial Growth
- Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria with commercial uses
- Microbial Growth and Nutrition
- Probiotic strains and their Human benefits
- Solute Transport Mechanisms in Bacteria
- Sterilization- physical and chemical methods
- Terminology used in Basic Microbiology
- Three-domain system (Carl Woese’s Classification)
- VIVA Alert: Basic Microbiology with mnemonics
Biochemistry Notes
- Amino acids and Proteins
- Biochemistry of Hepatitis A (Biochemical Tests)
- Biosynthesis of cholesterol and its regulation
- Buffer Solutions
- Diabetes and its treatment by 4 FDA Approved Drugs
- Eicosanoids – definition, classes, functions, synthesis
- Experimental techniques in Chemistry
- Gluconeogenesis- De novo synthesis of Glucose
- Glycolysis 10 Steps with Diagram and ATP Formation
- Pancreatic hormones
- Phytohormones (Plant hormones)
Bioinformatics Notes
Biotechnology Notes
- Biofertilizer- Types and Uses
- Citric Acid Production
- Design of a Fermenter
- Edible Vaccines- Plant Used, Steps, Advantages
- Ethanol Production
- Fermentation of Vinegar
- Methods to control plant nematodes
- Plant Breeding- Steps and Significance
- Plants used as a biofuel production
- Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
- Quorum Sensing in Bacteria
- Somaclonal Variation
- Vectors for gene cloning: Plasmids and Bacteriophage
Botany Notes
- Biological and Chemical control of plant diseases
- Factors for the establishment of plant diseases
- Herbarium: Kinds and Functions
- Plant Transformation Methods
- Plants defense mechanism- structural, histological, chemical
- Plants used as a biofuel production
- Rice bacterial blight and Citrus canker
- Rust- Plant Fungal Disease
Cell Biology Notes
- Capsule, Flagella, Pili (Fimbriae), Glycocalyx (Slime Layer)
- Cell Inclusion Bodies
- Detailed description of eukaryotic nucleus
Diseases Notes
- Bacterial Foodborne Illness
- COVID-19: A Wake-up call for Disease X Preparedness
- Dermatophytosis
- Examples of Single Gene Disorders
- List of disorders due to chromosomal aberration
- Plague and its forms caused by Yersinia pestis
- Prenatal detection and screening of genetic disorder
- SARS-CoV-2- Infection, ACE-2 gene, herd immunity, vaccines
- Some common viral disease, symptom, prevention, treatment
Environmental Microbiology Notes
Epidemiology Notes
Food Microbiology Notes
- Bacterial Foodborne Illness
- Beer production
- Citric Acid Production
- Ethanol Production
- Factors affecting microbes in foods
- Fermentation of Vinegar
- Malnutrition in Nepal with 5 major causes of high rate
- Mycotoxins- Related to Food Microbiology
- Probiotic strains and their Human benefits
- Probiotics and Prebiotics
Human Anatomy and Physiology Notes
- Pancreatic hormones
- Physiological overview of nervous system
- Prenatal detection and screening of genetic disorder
Immunology Notes
- Brain’s Immune system- Microglial cells
- COVID-19 IgG/IgM Rapid Test for antibodies detection
- Differences between Real-Time PCR and Rapid Diagnostic Test
- Hypersensitivity Type I, Type II, Type III, Type IV
- Immunological Techniques
- Inflammation – definition, types, causes and treatment
- Inflammatory Mediators
- Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)- Types and Pathways
- Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) & innate immune system
Instrumentation Notes
Laboratory Tests Notes
- COVID-19 diagnosis: Abbott RealTime SARS-CoV-2 assay
- COVID-19 Diagnostic Test: Abbott ID NOW COVID-19
- COVID-19 Diagnostic Test: Xpert Xpress SARS-CoV-2
- COVID-19 IgG/IgM Rapid Test for antibodies detection
Molecular Biology Notes
- Cell Transformation (normal cells to cancerous cells)
- Chemical Factor of Mutation
- COVID-19 diagnosis: Abbott RealTime SARS-CoV-2 assay
- Differences between Real-Time PCR and Rapid Diagnostic Test
- List of disorders due to chromosomal aberration
- Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP)
- Microbial Genetics
- Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
- RNA Interference (RNAi)
- Vectors for gene cloning: Plasmids and Bacteriophage
- Vectors- characteristics, classification, features, types
Mycology Notes
- Aspergillus and Respiratory Infections
- Candidiasis- Opportunistic Mycoses
- Dermatophytosis
- Fungal Structure
- Mycotoxins- Related to Food Microbiology
Parasitology Notes
- Entamoeba histolytica- Morphology, Epidemiology, Life cycle, Pathogenesis, Clinical findings
- Methods to control plant nematodes
- Plasmodium and Malaria
Pharmaceuticals Notes
- Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance
- Antimicrobial Drugs and Their Evolution of Resistance
- Aspirin and other salicylic acid derivatives
- Diabetes and its treatment by 4 FDA Approved Drugs
- Prostaglandins and Therapeutic use of Prostaglandins
Virology Notes
- Bacteriophage- Structure, Classification, Application
- Biochemistry of Hepatitis A (Biochemical Tests)
- Chicken Pox (Varicella-zoster virus)
- COVID-19 – Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
- COVID-19 diagnosis: Abbott RealTime SARS-CoV-2 assay
- COVID-19 Diagnostic Test: Abbott ID NOW COVID-19
- COVID-19 Diagnostic Test: Xpert Xpress SARS-CoV-2
- COVID-19 IgG/IgM Rapid Test for antibodies detection
- Diagnosis of Novel Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
- Disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 is officially called COVID-19
- Epidemiology of COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2
- Having the symptoms doesn’t always confirm COVID-19
- Hepatitis C
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
- Influenza virus- Structure, Types, Life Cycle
- Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) and MMR Vaccine
- MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2 and Spanish flu
- Novel Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 (Updated 2020)
- Outbreak of Wuhan pneumonia 2019-20 (2019-nCoV)
- Poliovirus and Polio Vaccines
- SARS-CoV-2- Infection, ACE-2 gene, herd immunity, vaccines
- Some common viral disease, symptom, prevention, treatment
- Transmission of Plant Viruses
- Treatment, Vaccine and Management of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2)
- Use of Convalescent Plasma to treat COVID-19 patients (FAQs)
- Viral Diseases of Leaf
- Virus Classification on the basis of morphology and replication