Online Biology Notes for undergraduate and graduate students
Image Source: Wikipedia and CDC Disclaimer: These data are collected from different sources over the internet. There can be some inaccuracy in the data given on this page. Epidemiology of COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 as of February 17, 2020 There were 71,337 confirmed cases (including clinically diagnosed cases also) of COVID-19 as of February 17, … Read more Epidemiology of COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 (Daily Update)
Introduction A recent cluster of pneumonia cases in Wuhan, China was caused by a novel beta coronavirus, the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the disease caused by Novel Coronavirus, 2019-nCoV (SARS-CoV-2) is now officially called COVID-19. Data collected and analyzed from patients using Real-time PCR and Next Generation Sequencing … Read more Novel Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 (Updated 2020)
Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Definition The major histocompatibility complex can be defined as a tightly linked cluster of genes whose products play an important role in intercellular recognition and in discrimination between self and non-self. The term ‘histo’ stands for tissue and ‘compatibility’ refers to ‘getting along or agreeable’. On the other hand, the term … Read more Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)- Types and Pathways
Disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 is officially called COVID-19 COVID-19 According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the disease caused by Novel Coronavirus, 2019-nCoV (SARS-CoV-2) is now officially called COVID-19. CO means Corona. VI means Virus. D means Disease. 19 means the year that it was first discovered. “We had to find a name that did … Read more Disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 is officially called COVID-19
Introduction Lab diagnosis refers to the identification, examination & confirmation of pathogens in the lab. The diagnosis of virus infection can be established in several ways, often used together, namely: Detection of virus particles, viral antigens or viral nucleic acids in specimens taken from the appropriate site. Culture of infectious viruses from the appropriate sites. … Read more Diagnosis of Novel Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
In the past two decades, we have witnessed epidemic and pandemic, severe respiratory tract illnesses, whose etiological pathogens are viruses. They include H5N1 influenza in 1997, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003 and pandemic H1N1 influenza in 2009, epidermic MERS-CoV in 2012 and just recently the emergence of the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 Acute Respiratory … Read more Treatment, Vaccine and Management of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2)
Pancreas The pancreas is a glandular organ in the upper mid-region, however, it fills in as two organs in one: a stomach related exocrine organ and a hormone-delivering endocrine organ. Working as an exocrine organ, the pancreas discharges catalysts to separate the proteins, lipids, sugars, and nucleic acids in nourishment. Working as an endocrine organ, … Read more Pancreatic hormones
Nucleus The nucleus is a specialize membrane-bound structure or organelle. It is the controlling center of eukaryotic cells. It is a characteristic feature of eukaryotic cells and is absent in prokaryotes like bacteria and viruses. It contains most of the genetic material of an organism. Most of the eukaryotic cells contain one nucleus but some … Read more Detailed description of eukaryotic nucleus
Plant Breeding Plant breeding is the purposeful manipulation of plant species to create desirable plant types that adapt to human needs more efficiently. It is an essential pre-requisite in the field of plant biotechnology. Plant biotechnology is a set of techniques used to adapt plants for intentional usage and benefits. Following are the interests of … Read more Plant Breeding- Steps and Significance
Vectors for gene cloning: Plasmids and Bacteriophage Image Sources: Wikipedia and Vector Stock In molecular biology, a vector refers to a DNA molecule that transfers genetic material into another cell and the genetic material gets to incorporate in the cell genome and expressed. The foreign DNA carried by the vector is called recombinant DNA. The … Read more Vectors for gene cloning: Plasmids and Bacteriophage